【摘要】 目的：探讨镉接触剂量与肾损害指标之间的剂量－反应关系，寻找较敏感和稳定的镉损害的早期诊断指标。方法：以某镉镍电池厂镉作业工人３３９人为调查对象。选择同地区无镉接触史的食品工业工人、郊区农民４６０名为对照。收集晨尿分析尿镉、尿β２－微球蛋白（β２－ＭＧ）、尿Ｎ－乙酰－Ｂ－Ｄ－氨基葡萄糖苷酶（ＮＡＧ）、尿钙、尿γ－谷氨酰转肽酶（γ－ＧＴ）、尿总蛋白。结果：镉作业工人尿镉、尿β２－ＭＧ、尿ＮＡＧ、尿钙、尿γ－ＧＴ、尿总蛋白均显著高于对照组，β２－ＭＧ和尿ΝＡＧ与工龄的相关系数分别为０．２５８９（Ｐ＜０．０１）和０．１６０５（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：尿镉可作为镉作业工人暴露镉的指标，１０μｇ／Ｌ作为健康损害的临界值有一定的价值。尿ＮＡＧ比尿β２－ＭＧ能较好的反映镉引起的早期肾脏损害，尿镉、尿ＮＡＧ和尿β２－ＭＧ二联指标可作为镉作业工人早期损害的诊断依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:The dose effect relationship was studied in cadmium exposure workers to find sensitive and distinguishing diagnostic indicator of cadmium poisoning.Methods:The target population consisted of 339 cadmium workers and 460 workers in a beer plant or farmers who were not exposed to cadmium.The morning urine was measured for urine cadmium,urine N acetylglucosaminidase(NAG) and γ glutamyltranspeptidase(γ GT) activity,urine β 2 microglobin,urine total protein and urine calcium in each subject.Results:It was found that urine cadmium,urine NAG and γ GT activity,urine β 2 microglobin,urine total protein and urine calcium in the cadmium exposure group were significantly higher than that in the control group and that the relationship was 0.2589 and 0.1489 between urine β 2 microglobin,urine NAG and cadmium exposure years.Conclusion:Urine cadmium is a cadmium exposure indicator;Urine NAG and urine β 2 microglobin are more sensitive indicators of the nephropathy,and the diagnostic system,including urine Cd,urine NAG and urine β 2 microglobin,is more valuable.更多还原