【摘要】 用负载型Ｎｉ＿Ｓｎ／Ｃ催化剂，在常压下对乙醇气－固相羰化反应合成丙酸及丙酸乙酯的反应机理进行了研究。用Ｘ－光电子能谱（ＸＰＳ）和Ｘ射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）对活化前、活化后和反应后的Ｎｉ＿Ｓｎ／Ｃ催化剂进行了表征。结果表明乙醇羰化反应是发生在零价Ｎｉ的活性中心上。在催化剂加入Ｓｎ后使更多二价Ｎｉ还原成零价Ｎｉ，增加了羰化活性中心数量，形成了Ｃ２Ｈ５＿Ｓｎ＿Ｉ物种，促进了Ｎｉ在反应中的循环，提高了催化剂的活性。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper the mechanism of the gas-solid phase carbonylation of alcohol to propionic acid and ethyl propionate under normal pressure is studied. The catalysts before and after activation and after reaction are characterized by using XPS and XRD methods. The results show that alcohol carbonylation happens on the active center Ni0. The addition of Sn makes more Ni2+ reduced to Ni0, increases the number of the active center, forms C2H5-Sn-I species, promotes the cycle of Ni in the reaction and increases the activity of the catalyst.更多还原