【摘要】 在TOGA－COAREIOP期间用涡度相关法对海气热通量进行了船载直接观测．对垂直风速、温度和湿度湍流脉动观测数据的谱分析显示它们在高频区基本满足"－2／3次方律"．对船体简谐震荡影响的讨论从理论上证明该影响在热通量计算中可被忽略．根据以此方法得到的通量求出了中性层结条件下感热和潜热的整体输送系数分别为2．25×10（－3）和1．26×10（－3）．对海气边界层特性的分析表明该海域的近海层主要呈中性或弱不稳定层结．海气通量的变化与背景环流形势密切相关，潜热通量主要受海面风场强度的影响，而感热通量变化除了风场的影响外，层结变化也是一个重要因素．用整体输送法计算TOGA－COAREIOP期间以及TOGA期间8个航次的通量结果而得到的Bowen比约为0．1，显示潜热通量是暖池大气的主要热源．更多还原

【Abstract】 According to observational tUrbulent data obtained on the R/ V Xiangyanghong #5 during TOGA-COARE lOP, the air-sea fluxes over the Westorn Pacific Ocean were calculated by eddy correlation method. The turbulent spectra for vertical wind speed, temperature and humidity agreed with the’ -2 / 3 rule’. It was proved mathematically that the effect of the ship’s oscillation on the calculation of heat flux can be neglected. The derived bulk transfer coefficientS were 2.25 ×10-3 and 1.26×10-3 respectively. The characteristics of marine boundary layer were analyzed. Over the warm pool, the temperature stratification mainly appeared as near neutral or unstable. The fluxes were influenced by synoptic weather sitUation. The latent heat flux was mainly affected by surface wind while the sensible heat flux was influenced by both the surface wind and the stratification. The average air-sea fluxes during TOGA-COARE IOP and the eight cruises under TOGA Project were estimated by bulk transfer method and the average Bowen ratio is around 0.1. That means the latent heat fluxes could be considered the main energy so~e for the atmosphere over the warm pool.更多还原