【摘要】 用电阻应变片法测试了变形锡黄铜ＨＳｎ７０－１管材表面的残余应力，分析了拉拔管材变形参数对管材表面残余应力及其他性能指标的影响规律。结果表明，增大管材的减壁变形，可以显著地减小管材表面的拉伸残余应力，当减壁比ｔ０／ｔ１大于１．２时，拉拔管材的残余应力较小，经成品退火后管材晶粒组织细小。采用不同变形方法生产的管材，其表面残余应力也遵循这一规律。２辊冷轧管材有很大的减壁变形，其表面产生了很大的压应力，而冷卷管材无减壁变形，则表面产生了很大的拉应力。对拉拔变形管材退火工艺参数进行了试验，用管材晶粒度指标进行评价，优化了辊底式连续退火炉管材通过速度和退火温度，保证管材获得均匀细小的再结晶组织，较好地消除了变形管材的残余应力。更多还原

【Abstract】 The residual stress on the surface of the wrought tin brass HSn70-1 was measured by means of the resistance strain gauge. The influence of drawing deformation parameters on the tube’s residual stress and other properties are analyzed in the paper. The results show that increase of the wall thickness reduction resultes in a remarkable decrease in the drawing residual stress on the tube’s surface. Increasing the reduction ratio of wall thickness t0/t1beyond 1.2, decreases the residual stress of the drawn tube and refines the grain size after final annealing. The surface residual stress of tubes manufactured by different methods also follows the same law. A tube made by a two-high cold mill has been subjected to a great reduction of wall thickness resulting in large compressive surface stresses. On the other hand, a tube coil made by cold drawing has no wall thickness reduction, and have no large tensile stress on its surface. After evaluating the drawn tube′s annealing technological parameters and its grain size, through-speed and annealing temperature of the drawn tube in the roller-hearth continuous annealing furnace have been optimized. Fine uniform recrystallized structures in the wrought tube has been obtained along with a release of much of the residual stress.更多还原