【摘要】 分析了金属基复合材料中热残余应力的形成机理及表现特点 ,并对几种常用的测定金属基复合材料残余应力的方法进行了分析比较 ,普通 X射线法虽然简便、经济 ,但穿透能力有限 ,所测值仅反映试样表面的残余应力状态 ;中子衍射的区域较大 ,测出的仅是残余应力平均值。X射线能量扩散衍射法虽然穿透能力较强 ,能测出试样内部较深范围的残余应力 ,但由于产生衍射法穿透力强 ,分辨率高 ,能测出复合材料内部的残余应力场梯度 ,是测定金属基复合材料残余应力的较有效的方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study analysed the formation mechanism and characterization of the stress- es with the common methods. X- ray diffraction method takes the advantage of simplicity and economy,but its penetrating ability is so limitive that it is just able to measure the state of resid- ual stresses at the surfaces of a body.Nentron diffraction method is able to penetrate deeper than X- ray and an internal stress is indeed measured by this approach,while diffraction volumes are required and only bulk average stress are determined.X- ray energy dispersive diffration method, offers both the good penetration and a high spatial resolution to resolve the residual stress gravients. It is the efficient approach .更多还原