【摘要】 南非：联邦制和地区自治问题高晋元ＳＯＵＴＨＡＦＲＩＣＡ：ＱＵＥＳＴＩＯＮＯＦＦＥＤＥＲＡＬＩＳＭＡＮＤＲＥＧＩＯＮＡＬＡＵＴＯＮＯＭＹ￥ＧａｏＪｉｎｙｕａｎＡｂｓｔｒａｃｔ：ＴｈｅｂｉｒｔｈｏｆＮｅｗＳｏｕｔｈＡｆｒｉｃａａｎｄｔｈｅＧｏｖｅｒｎｍｅ...更多还原

【Abstract】 Abstract The birth of New South Africa and the Government of National Unity failed to iron out sharp differences between the Inkatha Freedom Party and the African Natioal Congress on the question of which state system to adopt: federal or unitary? As contradictions intensified, the Inkatha leader Buthelezi withdrew from the constitutional talks in April 1995, and violent conflicts between the supporters of both sides broke out incessantly, causing serious losses in human life and property. Judging from African experiences, a few African countries did pursue federal system after independence, but only four of them have kept on,a fact that serves to illustrate objectively that unitarism or centralism may be more suitable to the specific conditions of most of the African countries; However, the long-standing working of federal system in individual countries prove that it has been viable or even necessary for some of the African countries and they have also accumulated some experiences and lessons. For the interest of the nation and people of South Africa as well as the disputing parties themselves,a compromise must be reached between them. For instance, under the precondition of laying emphasis on unified leadership by the center while practising no federalism, regional autonomy can be carried out in some degree. China’s experiences in this respect, i. e. in implementing its policy of regional nationality autonomy seem to be worthy of study for reference.更多还原