【摘要】 导入热带种质是拓宽我国玉米种质遗传基础，改变现有亲本自交系遗传基础狭窄的途径之一。鉴此，对５份温带自交系、４份导入了热带种质的温带自交系和１份热带种质自交系进行了双列杂交试验，评价籽粒产量、穗长、株高等１０个主要性状的ＧＣＡ和ＳＣＡ。结果表明，在籽粒产量等多数性状上ＧＣＡ效应值高的有８７００１、Ｓ３７、２００Ｂ和３７３－６等；ＳＣＡ方差（σ＿（ｓｉ）￣２）值小的有８７００１和２００Ｂ；（σ＿（ｓｉ）￣２）值大的有４８－２、４７８、７８５１和８７００２等。以遗传距离进行聚类分析表明，１０个自交系可划分为３类，即８７００２、７８５１、４７８、３７３－６和３７３２－３为一类群：７８５４和２００Ｂ为一类群；４８－２、Ｓ３７和８７００１为另一类群。热带种质导入量＜１／４～１／８的自交系其配合力、抗逆性、株叶型等农艺性状改良效果较理想。更多还原

【Abstract】 Introduction of tropical germplasm is one of the ways for extending the genetic basis of maize germplasm and parental inbred lines. Diallel crosses were conducted between 10 inbreds including 5 temperate inbreds, 4 temperate inbred lines accessed with tropical germplasm and 1 tropical inbred to evaluate their GCA and SCA of 10 main agronomic traits involving kernel yield, ear length and plant height. Results indicated that 87001. S 37. 200 B and 373- 6 had high GCA effects in most traits including kernel yield. 87001 and 200 B had low SCA variance (σ_si￣2), and 48- 2. 478. 7851 and 87002 had high σ_si￣2values. Cluster analysis based on the Eudiolean’s genetic distance showed that 10 inbreds might be divided into 3 categories.i. e. 87002, 7851, 478, 373-6 and 3732-3 could be classified into one group. 7854 and 200 B could be merged into another group. and 48- 2, S 37 and 87001 could be incorporated into the third group. Inbreds which inducted <1/4～ 1/8 of tropicalgermplasm had ideal combining ability, stress tolerance and plant type.更多还原