【摘要】 为了解儿童眼屈光要素的变化及其与近视眼形成的关系，对7～14岁儿童的眼屈光要素进行了横断和纵断研究。主要结论是，正视眼的眼轴长随年龄增加而增长，男、女儿童各增长约0.4mm和0.5mm，且男孩大于女孩。在追踪观察期间，不论变为近视与否，平均眼轴长、玻璃体腔长和前房深部在增加，唯有晶体厚度在减小。眼轴长每增加1．0mm近视度增加1.28～2．27D。影响眼轴长的因素有性别、屈光状态、调节能力、前房深、玻璃体腔长和头围。散瞳后眼轴长不变，晶体厚变小，前房深加大。更多还原

【Abstract】 In ordor to understand the changes of ocular refractive comopents and their relationship with myopia, crosssectional and longitudinal analyses were performed in children aged 7~14 years. The results showed that the ocular axis length of children with emmetropia increased with age, from 7 to 14 years of age, increments of the ocular axis length were 0. 5mm in males and 0. 4mm in females. During the period of follow - up observation, the ocular axis length, the vitreous chamber length and the anterior chamber depth increased, the lens thickness decreased, whether myopia developed or no. The myopia of children was mainly caused by lengthened ocular axis. The myopic diopter increased by 1. 28 ~ 2. 27D with average ocular axis length increasing 1 mm. Sex, refractive state, accommodative power, anterior chamber depth, vitreous chamber length and head circumference affected ocular axis length. After mydrisis,the ocular axis length did not change, the lens thickness decreased and the anterior chamber depth increased.更多还原