【摘要】 种子发芽与出苗主要受土壤水分与温度的影响。在研究非均质土壤起伏不平的地表与大气间水分能量交换过程的数值分析方法的基础上，发展了耕作对土壤水分与温度影响的基于有限元分析方法的数值模型。作为应用研究，讨论了不同的耕作方式如镇压，少耕与沟种垄作对土壤水分、温度的影响，并介绍了模型用于陕北的沟种设计。本项研究为农业生态学提供了一种基于模型－模拟－优化的定量分析方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 The soil moisture and temperature are key factors to abed gemination and seedling emergence.A finite element model was developed to study the seedbed soil moisture, and temperature as affected by tillage operations based on the numerical analysis method of heat and water exchange between the atmosphere and heterogeneous soil surface developed by the author.A simulation study shows effects of different tillage operations such as level sowing,minimum tillage and ridge and furrow tillage on the seedbed moisture and temperature.The model was also used to optimize the furrow sowing in North-Weatern China. This study developed a quantitative method for the agro-ecological research based on the methodology of modeling-simulation optimization.更多还原