【摘要】 １９９０～１９９２年在杭州郊区菜区连续调查了１０茬结球甘蓝、１９茬白菜上桃蚜Ｍｙｚｕｓｐｅｒｓｉｃａｅ种群的分布图式。利用这些数据计算出多项空间聚集指标，分析了各项指标与密度的相关性，然后选择受密度影响较小的负二项分布的Ｋ值，描述了种群的空间格局及其时序动态。两类蔬菜上桃蚜种群全年呈聚集分布；但聚集强度变化有明显的季节规律。一年中５月和１１月前后有两个明显的扩散高峰；在蚜虫迁离本田的６～７月和重新迁入本田的９～１０月前后则有两个聚集高峰。在一季作物上的聚集强度随时间的变化过程因季节而异，春夏季为高→低→高，秋冬季从高往低呈持续下降，而冬春季则呈上下随机波动趋势，文中最后对桃蚜种群空间图式及其时序动态特征的成因，尤其是气温和植株营养条件变化的影响进行了讨论。更多还原

【Abstract】 Systematic sampling of Myzus persicae on crucifer vegetables (Brassica spp.)was carried out during 1990 -- 1992 to study its spatial pattern on the crops’ Fromthe sampling data, values of each of four different dispersion (or aggregation) indiceswere calculated. and their correlations with mean densities were evaluated’ The valueo f K of negative binomial distribution was shown to be poorly correlated with densities, and thus it was chosen to describe the spatial pattern and its time series dynamics in the aphid population. The results revealed that the population was aggregatedthroughout the year on all crops examined. However, the intensity of aggregationchanged seasonally. Each year, there were two obvious peaks of dispersal, aroundMay and November respectively; likewise, there were two aggregated peaks, the firstone during June to July when aphids emigrated from the fields, and the second oneduring September to October when aphids immigrated into the fields. The change pattern of aggregation intensity throughout the growth of a crop differed between seasons. From spring to summer, the population changed from highly aggregated toloosely aggregated and then to highly aggregated again. From autumn to winter, thepopulation changed gradually from highly aggregated to loosely aggregated, and fromwinter to spring, the intensity of aggregation seemed to fluctuate randomly’ Factorswhich could be correlated to the spatial pattern and its dynamics in the aphid population, especially the possible influence of temperature and plant nutrition, are discussed.更多还原