【摘要】 由于原油中氮化物含量低且组成复杂，在用仪器分析其特征之前需要进行浓缩和预分离。采用柱液相色谱对塔里木盆地原油样品中的含氮化合物进行了分离。首先用中性氧化铝将原油分成饱和烃、芳烃和富氮馏份；然后用硅酸将富氮馏份进一步分离，得到中性吡咯氮、胺和碱性吡啶等馏分。用装有氮磷检测器（ＮＰＤ）的气相色谱和色谱－质谱（ＧＣ／ＭＳ）对中性吡咯氮的特征进行了分析。定性了１９个烷基咔唑和烷基苯并咔唑系列；比较了甲基咔唑和二甲基咔唑同分异构体在不同成因和来源的原油样品中的分布，发现其能较好地区分海相及陆相原油。该方法效果好，分析速度快且简便易行，适用于大量样品的分析。更多还原

【Abstract】 Due to the low quantity and complexity of organic nitrogen in crudeoils, isolation and further fraction according to chemical class is necessary prior to detailed chemical characterization of nitrogen-rich fraction by GC or GC/MS. Separation ofnitrogen compounds in crude oils with the column liquid chromatography is described.First, neutral aluminum oxide is used to separate crude oils into three fractions: aliphatichydrocarbon, neutral polycyclic aromatic compounds and nitrogen polycyclic aromatic compounds. The nitrogen-containing aromatic compounds are further separated intopyrrole, amino, and pyridine nitrogen species fractions using a silicic acid adsorbent.Chemical character of pyrrole nitrogen fraction is determined by GC or GC/MS carbazole,benzocarbazole and their isomers are identified according to GC/MS. The distribution of mythycarbazoles and dimetrylcarbazoles in different crude oils in origin is discussed. The method presented here is efficient, rapid and economic.更多还原