【摘要】 共沸蒸馏法制备了无团聚Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３－ＺｒＯ_２复合纳米粉末。用红外光谱研究了正丁醇脱水剂与Ｚｒ（ＯＨ）_４－Ａｌ（ＯＨ）_３凝胶的表面化学键。ＴＥＭ观察该复合粉末的平均粒径约２０ｎｍ，无硬团聚形成，干压成型的坯体气孔呈单峰分布，只有一次颗粒间气孔。烧结温度比未处理的粉末降低了３００℃，经１３００℃保温４ｈ的烧结体相对密度达０．９７７５，平均晶粒尺寸０．２μｍ。共沸蒸馏消除团聚的机理是由于正丁醇脱除了氢氧化物颗粒间水分而降低了干燥时产生的毛细管力，且氢氧化物颗粒表面与烷氧基形成物理吸附，消除了水分子氢键在颗粒间的架桥作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Agglomeration-freepowders with nanometer size were prepared by heterogeneous azeotropic distillation method.The surface chemical bonding between Zr(OH)4-Al(OH)3 gels and n-butanol,a dehydrator,was determined by FT-I.The powders had an average particle size 20nm in diameter and their green articles had one peak distribution of pores among the particles at 30nm,i.e.not existing as any hard agglomerates.Also the sintering temperature decreased 300℃ after the powders treated by the distillation,the bodies having 97.75% theoretical density and 0.2 grain size on sintering at 1300℃ for 4h.The mechanisms,by which n-butanol azeotropic distillation prevents the formation of hard agglomerates,were attributed both to the decrease of capillary force during drying process between the particles,because of the substitution of n-butanol for water,and to the physical absorption of OC4H9 on the surface of the hydrates particles,thereby completely breaking down the hydrogen bonds between the particles.更多还原