【摘要】 为寻求解决旱地棉花产量极不稳定，干旱年份减产严重的现状，在常规地膜覆盖的基础上增加休闲期一元或二元覆盖，并实行起垄种植。试验证明，冬春覆盖可使土壤含水量在整个生育期内高于播时覆盖和露地，提高棉花出苗期的根际地温。冬季二元覆盖可相对提高棉花的耐旱性，增加单株成铃，增产皮棉１３．３４％～２３．０６％；春季盖膜可使棉花成铃高峰提前，铃重提高，春雨较多时可增产４５．８７％。因此，依年型选择冬季或春季覆盖，是旱地棉花提高水分利用效率，增产稳产的有效措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the conventional plastic film mulching with an increase in thefirst and second mulching during the fallow period,it is important to probe into the set-tlement of unstable vields of cotton in rainfed cotton fields and the way of serious yielddecrease in drought years by implementing ridge planting.The experiments proved thatmulching in winter and spring made soil water higher in the whole growth and develop-ment stage than that by mulching in sowing and in bare fields thereby improving thefield temperature in the cotton root area in the stage of cotton seedling emerge. The se-cond mulching iii winter can relatively improve cotton drought tolerance and increase thenumber of bolls on a single cotton plant withe an increase in yields byl3.34%～23.06%, Plastic film mulching in spring can make cotton bolls appear in advance withthe boll weight increased.When there is much rainfall in spring,cotton yield can in-crease by 45.87%Accordingly,selecting mulching either in winter or in spring basedon the year type is an effective meastire to improve soil water use efficiency and toachieve high and stable cotton yields.更多还原