【摘要】 在略述了国内外湖泊分类研究现状的基础上.探讨了开展我国湖泊综合分类的原则、级别划分以及综合分类所应遵循的程序。主导因素与综合因素相结合,建立分类的主导标志,是湖泊综合分类系统中高层次分类的关键;区域相似性(相对一致性)与差异性的对比分析是低层次分类的重要环节。在此基础上.还应充分考虑到人类经济活动的方式与强度对湖泊诸自然因素的影响,以便使湖泊综合分类工作既具有理论上的意义,同时又具有实用价值。级别划分应从以下标准衡量:分类结果是否能充分揭示或反映出湖泊所具有的区域综合特性以及地貌、水文、化学、生物等各因子之间的有机联系和相互影响;能否展示出湖泊的动态变化和今后的演变趋势;是否简明扼要,便于实际应用。工作程序可大致分解为四个相对独立又彼此有着紧密联系的阶段,即系统搜集与占有资料、资料分析整理与单因子分类、综合分类、理论诠释。更多还原

【Abstract】 According to the research on lake classification, this paper gives an outline about the principles , scale division and procedures of lake comprehensive classification in China.1. Principles of lake comprehensive classificationThe combination of prevailing factors and comprehensive factors to establish the main criteria is the key to make well the high level classification in the lake comprehensive classification system. The correlative analysis between reginal similarities(relative consistency) and differen-cies is an important step to develop the low level classification of the system. In order to make the study of synthetic classification of lakes valuable both theoretically and practically, the effects of humen being’s economic activities on natural factors of lakes must also be fully considered, such as water conservancy projects, reclamation, culture, water pollution, and so on.2. Scale division of lake comprehensive classificationHow many grades should be defined in the lake comprehensive classification system? The authors hold that it depends on the following aspects: the classification should reveal or reflect the integrated regional characteristics of the lakes and the systematic relation and interaction between geomorphological, hydrological, chemical and biological elements etc. ; it should make out the dynamic change and evolutionary trends in future; it should be simple and clear for practical applications.3. Procedures of lake comprehensive classificationThe procedures of the comprehensive classification could be divided into four steps which are relatively independent and intensively combinative, i. e. systematical data collection and occupation; mono-factor classification;, lake classification; theoretical explanation.更多还原