【摘要】 试验采用东北农业大学小麦生理和生物技术实验室获得的以普通小麦７７４２再生植株的２５个单细胞无性系为试验材料，对无性系后代株高和熟期等主要农艺性状进行分析．结果表明，株高和熟期等均发生明显变化，株高趋于交接，而且分离出明显接于对照（７７４２）的株系；熟期趋于提早，提早幅度大（５～８ｄ），多数株系均与矮秆结合．株高变矮和熟期提早在早期世代都可以稳定遗传．无性系后代茎秆、颖壳颜色及穗型等形态性状也发生变化，并可稳定遗传．表明小麦体细胞无性系变异是小麦矮秆早熟品种改良的有效途径．更多还原

【Abstract】 Studies were carried out from 1990 to 1995. Six generations of 25 single cell somaclonal lines derived from single cell culture in vitro of bread wheat (Triticum aestivumL. 7742) were Studied for major agronomic characteristics, including plant height and maturity and others,and inheritable stability. The results showed that the changes in height and maturity of somaclones from the single cell culture were significant. The variation of plant height tented to be shortened and maturity earlier. The somaclones with -5～-18.4 cm shorter in height and 5～ 8 days earlier in maturity compared with 7742, the CK, were obtained and both characteristics could be stable and hereditary between generations. In addition, the changes of glume and stem color and type of spike of progenies from somaclones were also observed and many of them were heritable. The results mentioned above indicated that somaclonal variation in wheat could be an effective way for the improvement of short plant and early maturity in wheat.更多还原