【摘要】 作者对鞍钢３２家主体工厂７１８０３名男职工进行了死亡调查。１８年（１９７１～１９８８年）间共积累１２７５９８５人年，死亡人数５８９６例，其中癌症１８３０例，占３１．０４％，分析了各项癌症所占比例、粗死亡率、标化死亡率（ＳＤＲ）、标化死亡比（ＳＭＲ）、死亡率与年龄、年历的关系等。死亡比例和ＳＤＲ前五位均依次为肺、肝、胃、食道、肠、死亡率随年龄增长而成倍增长，且逐年增高，全癌和其中的肺、胃、食道等部位癌的ＳＭＲ均显著超高（Ｐ＜０．０１），吸烟者在癌病例中占７７．４８％，占肺癌８２．８２％。研究结果表明，鞍钢工人癌症死亡占全死因首位，死亡率高于本地区及北京、上海等大城市居民。癌症超高，肺癌尤甚，可能与作业环境中的生产性有害因素及吸烟有关。更多还原

【Abstract】 AbstractCancer mortality in the period between 1971 and 1988 was surveyed among 71 803 male workers at thirty two major plants in Anshan Iron and Steel Corporation.Atotal of 5 896 deathswas registered. Cancer deaths occurred in 1830, accounting for 31.04%of all deaths,The five leading cancers were that of lung, liver,stomach,esophagus and intestine,Cancer death rate in-creased with age and with calender year.The SMR for all cancers and for the cancer of lung,stomach and esophagus indicated significant excess(P<0.0 77. 49%of all cancer deaths, and 82.82%of deaths with lung cancer occurred in smokers. The findings show that the mortality of cancer amongiron and steel workers in Anshan was the leading cause of death, and the death rate was higher than that of local and large city popula-tion such as in Beijing, Shanghai, etc. The excess cancer rate,especially that of lung cancer,may be related to carcinogenic agents in the working environment and smoking habit.更多还原