【摘要】 分析影响氢卤酸强度的三个因素（卤离子半径或卤原子共价半径,元素的电负性、质子亲合能）,推导出计算氢卤酸强度（pK_a）的三个经验公式:pK_a=-84lgr+0.061 8（（M-1）⁵-1）^1/2+182.40（1）式中 r 为卤离子半径,M 为卤素所在的周期数;pK_a=920（△X）^1/2/r-16（2）△X 为卤素和氢的电负性差值,r 为卤原子共价半径;pK_a=0.052 3A+0.075E-79.20（3）A 为质子的亲合能,E 为氢键键能.更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper analyses three factors of affecting the strength ofhydrohalide acid（ra- dius of halide ion or covalence radins of halide atom,electronegativity of element,proton af- finity）and gives three experienced calculating formula of the strength of hydrohalide acid: pK_a=-841gr+0.061 8（（M-1）⁵-1）^1/2+182.40 （1） r is the radius of halide ion,M is the number of halogen in the periodic table. pK_a=920（△x）^1/2/r-16 （2） △X is the electronegativity difference between halogen and hydrogen,r is the radius of halide atom. pK_a=0.052 3A+0.075E-79.20 （3） A is the proton affinity,E is the bond energy of hydrogen bond.更多还原