【摘要】 本文对普通话书面语中声母、韵母的动态与静态分布特性及其差异作了统计分析，结果表明：普通话声母间的、韵母间的动态与静态的相对分布关系一致，语音间的相对分市主要与发声系统有关，不受频度的影响．普通话声母、韵母的动态与静态的出现率差异，与声母发音方法和韵母组合结构、声母发音部位与韵母四呼的配合关系、音节的成字率和字的频度有关，主要受送气与不送气声母、零声母和单韵母、鼻韵母的分布变化的影响．这说明语言和人类其他行为一样，也受最小用力原理制约．普通话声母、韵母的动态与静态的分布差异，主要反映在单音节词上，单音节词的声母、韵母的动态与静态的出现率差异最大．多音节词中的韵母的动态出现率与多音节词的音节数量有关，多音节词中声母的动态出现率似乎与多音节词的音节组合结构有关．更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper presents a statistical analysis of the dynamic (in usage) and static (inlexicon) distribution characters as well as their differences of the initials and the finals in Chinese writting language. The results show that the dynamic and static relative distributions are congruent among the initials and among the finals in Manderin. The phonctic relative distributions are mainly concerned with the manner of pronunciation and are not influenced by the occurance frequency. There difference is related to following factors: the manner of initial articulation and followed final, the combination of the initial articulatory position and four rinds pronunciation of the final, tlie frequency of construction of syllable into a word and the word occurance. The differellce is mainly influenced by the distribution variation of aspirated and unaspirated initial, zero initial, monofinal and nasal final. This shows that behaviour in speech is also ruled by less-effort principle like other human behaviours. Prominent difference between the dynamic and static distribution of the initial and the final in Manderin is shown mainly in monosyllabic words. In polysyllabic words,the dynamic occurance frequency of the final is related to the number of syllables; for the initial, it seems to be related to the structure of the syllable combination.更多还原