【摘要】 本研究采用红细胞最大和平均变形性、面积、直径、膜带－３蛋白、血液和肝线粒体丙二醛、超氧化物歧化酶等指标，观察运动负荷或缺铁贫血单一因素和这两种因素同时存在对大鼠红细胞损伤的影响及其与自由基代谢的关系。结果：１．铁缺乏和运动负荷在第五周时直至实验结束均会使鼠体重增长率抑制，以缺铁贫血的运动鼠的抑制最严重。２．缺铁性贫血和运动负荷的初期、大鼠血红蛋白（Ｈｂ）和红细胞压积容量（ＨＣＴ）水平显著降低，但运动鼠在铁营养正常时，Ｈｂ及ＨＣＴ水平不再进一步降低；而运动鼠缺铁时、即使是轻度缺铁，其Ｈｂ和ＨＣＴ水平进一步显著降低。３．红细胞面积、周长、直径和球径仅在铁缺乏情况下缩小；红细胞形状因素的改变发生于缺铁性贫血的运动鼠。４．红细胞最大变形指数（ＤＩｍａｘ％）和平均变形指数（ＤＩ－ｒ％）在缺铁、运动以及缺铁贫血运动时降低，并有明显的梯度反应。静态和铁营养正常鼠的ＤＩｍａｘ％为７３．０±１．６９％，静态缺铁和运动缺铁性贫血鼠分别为６５．８±４．５７％和５８．５±６．２０％，而铁营养正常的运动鼠和轻度缺铁性贫血运动鼠分别是６９．２±１．４９％和６３．０±６．７９％，各组数据均有显著差别。三组运动鼠不论其铁营养正常与否，红细?更多还原

【Abstract】 Purpose of this study was to observe the effects of iron deficiency anemia(IDA)or physical exercise load(single factor),and physical exercise load under IDA(combined factors)on erythrocyte(RBC)damage and its relationship with free radical metabolism in rats.Indices including RBG deformability(DImax%),RBC area,circumference,diameter,band-3 of RBC membrane,melonic dialdehyde(MDA)levels and superoxide dismutase(SOD)of blood and liver mitochondria were measured.Main results:1.Body weight increase rate of rats was significantly depressed by both the IDA and exercise load,and the increase rates were much more seriously depressed as rats exercised under IDA.2.Hb and HOT levels of rats were affected by both IDA and early stage of exercise load,but decreases of Hb level induced by exercise was within a narrow range as compared with that of by IDA,and Hb levels maintained without further decrease as rats were adapted to exercise and fed with normal iron content feed.However,as rats exercised under IDA or mild IDA,Hb and HOT levels further decreased.3.Reduction of RBC area,circumference,diameter,and spherical diameter of rats were only induced by IDA and exercise under IDA.4.Significant decreases of RBC DImax(%)and DI-r(%)were induced by IDA or exercise load,data showed gradient response to stress of different serious conditions.DImax(%)of S(NI)rats were 73.0±1.69%; they were 65.8±4.57% and 58.0±6.20% for S(ID)and E(ID)rats respectively;and 69.2±1.49% and 63.0±6.79% for E(NI)and E(MID)rats respectively.Loss of RBC membrane protein-band 3 had been seen in exercised rats and especially in exercised rats with IDA or mild IDA which implicated membrane skeleton damage.5.Blood SOD and CuZn-SOD activity of liver mitochondria increased significantly in exercised rats with IDA,while their MDA levels were the highest as well which suggested the defensive response of organism.6.Data of DImax(%)of rats showed positive correlation with Hb contents,r=+0.74,p<0.05;and the data of DImax(%)was negatively correlated with MDA levels of liver mitochondria,r=-0.65, p<0.05.On the basis of the evidence that both Hb decrease and MDA increase may be induced by exercise load,thus,exercise may be considered an ilnportant factor inducing RBG damage and shortening RBC′s life span.The results provided the significance and importance to monitor iron status of athletes.更多还原