【摘要】 将101个云南水稻品种分别与3个籼型和3个粳型测验品种杂交,考察了各组合F₁的小穗育性。同时对各被测品种的6种形态性状的分化按程氏指数法进行调查,分析了云南稻品种亲和性分化与形态性状分化之间的关系。 根据测交F₁小穗育性的高低,参照籼粳测验品种之间F₁的育性水平,可将被测品种的亲和性分成籼型、粳型、中间型、广亲和型和特殊亲和性5个类群。各类群所含品种数分别为47个、21个、16个、6个和5个,另有6个品种根据现有结果还不能明确归类。籼型和粳型亲和性品种的亲和性分化与形态性状的籼、粳分化具有较好的一致性（符合度分别为87％和82％）。广亲和性品种、特殊亲和性品种和6个暂未明确归类的品种在形态性状上多数表现为粳型或偏粳型。中间亲和性品种的籼粳性状分化最为复杂,在典型籼、粳和偏籼、偏粳类型中都有分布。光稃品种在形态性状上主要表现为粳和偏粳类型,但在亲和性上则分布于各种亲和性类群之中,其中以粳型亲和性品种居多。 云南稻品种在亲和性和形态性状上的复杂分化与云南省复杂的地理生态环境有关,也与云南稻在水稻起源上的特殊地位有着密切联系。在地理上云南是水稻广亲和品种的分布中心之一。更多还原

【Abstract】 Rice varieties in Yunnan Province are unique in many aspects. For understanding the diversity in compatibility occured within the varieties, 101 varieties collected from Yunnan Province were crossed to three indica-testers and three japonica-testers, respectively. The F1 fertility of a total of 462 combinations were investigated. The morphological diversity for six traits were also appraised according to Cheng’s Character Index Method.Based on F1 fertility, the compatibility type of the rice varieties tested can be divided into five groups.1. Indica rice compatibility group: F/s of the varieties were fertile when crossed to indica-testers while semisterile when crossed to japonica-testers. A total of 47 varieties were grouped into this category.2. Japonica rice compatibility group: F/s of the varieties were fertile when crossed to japonica-testers while semisterile when crossed to indica-testers. A total of 21 varieties were grouped into this category.3. Intermediate compatibility group: A total of 6 varieties tested were classified into this group, in which the F/s of the test-crosses were basically fertile when crossed to either indica- or japonica-testers. Inferior fertility could be found occasionally in these F/s.4. Wide compatibility group: Six varieties were designated into this group in which the F/s of the varieties were fertile when crossed to either indica- or japonica-testers.5. Specific compatibility group: A total of five varieties were grouped into this group in which the F/s of the varieties were semisterile when crossed to either indica-or japonica-testers.The diversity on morphological traits investigated is generally cohesive to compatibility differentiation in both indica and japonica rice compatibility groups. Varieties with wide compatibility and specific compatibility are basically japonica type or japonica-cline type in the morphological traits concerned. Varieties with intermediate compatibility showed great diversity from japonica to indica rice types morphologically, which mea that the intermediate type had more potential to be differentiated into indica rice or japonica rice. The varieties with wide compatibility are possibly a branch type related to japonica rice in the evolution span from ancestor to cultivated rice. The area of Yunnan Province is essentially one of the distribution center of wide compatibility varieties of rice.更多还原