【摘要】 研究了漆膜分析的三种主要方法：裂解质谱，红外光谱，裂解色谱。通过大量实验比较了各种方法的适应性和可靠性，建立了以裂解色谱／富里叶红外光谱联用技术来鉴定漆膜，并对影响裂解反应的因素及色借条件进行了深入的研究，获得了可以重复，具有特征性的漆膜高分辨裂解色谱图，同时对裂解色谱图中主要组分作了定性鉴定，提高了裂解色谱法分析漆膜的可靠性。该方法具有灵敏度高，样品用量小，共存杂质影响小，操作简便等优点。应用核分析技术对河姆渡，良诸庙前遗址出土的二件红色涂料样品进行了鉴定。分析结果证实了河姆渡出土的红色涂料木碗上的涂料是我国至今发现的最早的生漆漆膜。更多还原

【Abstract】 The lacquer crafts in China have a long history. Its historical origin maybe traces back tothe Neolithlic era.A wooden bowl painted red colour excavated from Hemudu Zhejiang Province in 1977.The date of Hemudu ruin is about seven thousand years ago. The bowl with red colur may bethe earilest Chinese lacquer, but it has not been proved that the red matter is lacquer or not.In this paper the analytical methods are studied for the determination of Chinese lacquerfllm. The lacquer films in various dynasties are investigated and analyzed with PYMS, FTIR,PYGC-FTIR.The experiments of PYGC-FTIR show that the ancient Chinese lacquer films have thesimilar GC pyrogram and pyrolysis products. The red film on the wooden bowl has the sameanalytical data as the various dynasties lacquer films doThe experiment confimed that PYGC-FTIR is a handy and feasible way and has beenapplied successfully to determine the lacquer bowl in Hemudu although the samp1e which canbe provided is very little. The diagrams of PYMS show that the red pigment in ancientChinese locquer is HgS.更多还原