【摘要】 重馏分油在达到其临界点前已发生热分解，因而不能测得其临界性质（临界温度和临界压力），经研究提出预测重馏分油临界性质的一种方法。选用临界温度高于６９１．８５Ｋ的已知临界性质的８个纯烃，分别与苯配成不同组成的二元混合物，用半封闭管法测定混合物的临界性质，将此混合物与苯的临界性质和苯在混合物中的含量等数据，经数学处理得到纯烃临界性质计算值的方法。将重馏分油视为虚拟组分掺入苯，测定该混合物临界性质，用上述计算纯烃临界性质的方法计算重馏分油的临界性质。对于容易热分解的试样，测定加热时间对临界性质的影响关系后，再推得没有发生热分解时混合物的临界性质。同时，测定了辽河原油直馏宽、窄馏分油的馏程、标准密度、运动粘度、折射率和苯胺点等，提出了预测辽河原油直馏馏分油临界温度、临界压力的关联式。临界性质预测的平均相对偏差：临界温度为０．６１％～０．８４％，临界压力为１．４７％～２．４２％。更多还原

【Abstract】 It is hard to obtain the critial properties, critical temperature and critical pressure, of heavy petroleum fractions due to their decompositions before the critical points are reached. A method forprediction of critical properties for the heavy petroleum fractions is proposed. Eight chosen pure hydrocarbons having critical temperatures higher than 691. 85K with known critical properties were mixed with benzene to make the binary mixtures with individual pure hydrocarbon respectively, and the critical properties of those mixtures were measured by using the open-ended tube method. After the mathematical treatment of the benzene contents of those mixtures together with the critical properties of both mixtures and benzene, a method for predicting the calculated critical properties for the chosen pure hydrocarbons was obtained. Assuming that the heavy petroleum fraction was a psedo -pure constituent and mixed it with benzene, and measuring the critical properties of the mixture, then the critical property of the heavy petroleum fraction can be calculated by the method mentioned above. For thermally unstable substances, the effect of heating up times on the critical properties could be measured prior to the calculation.Some physical properties, such as boiling range, standard density,kinetic viscosity,refractive index and aniline point of Liaohe virgin fractions with wide and narrow cuts were determined, and some correlation equations for predicting the critical properties of those fractions are proposed.更多还原