【摘要】 以甘木二条等七个二棱大麦（HordeumdistichumL．）品种进行7×7双列杂交（无反交），对亲本、F_l和F₂熟期、产量、穗部、茎杆等18个农艺性状，采用加性─显性─上位性（ADAA）模型估算了各遗传方差占表型方差的比率，结果抽穗期等10个性状（占55.5%）存在加性×加性上位性效应，其中5个性状以上位性效应为主（占表型方差的35.4─54.96%）．对有上位性效应的性状应以ADAA模型分析，如以传统的AD模型分析，所得的结论不真实.狭义遗传力在性状间有较大差异，以穗着粒密度最高（83．05%），单株产量最低（10.24％）．杂种优势总方向预测表明，二棱大麦多数杂交组合具千粒重、穗长、每穗粒数、茎粗的正向大穗型杂种优势。此外，对有关性状进行了相关分析．更多还原

【Abstract】 The parents and F₁ F₂ of 7×7 half-diallel crosses among seven two-rowed barley（hordeum distichum L.） were used in this study.The genetic variance rate of their 18 agronomic characters such as maturity，yieild，ear and culm was evaluated by using additive-dominance epistatic（ADAA）model．The results show there exist additive by additive epistatic effects in 10 characters（55.5％），such as heading date，maturinhg date，where 5 charaters are mainly controled by epistatic effect（the ratio of epistatic variance to phenotypic variance are 35．4-54．9％）.The characters controled by epistatic effect should be analysied by ADAA genetic model,otherwise nreliable conclusion might be drawn if AD model were used．There are big differencesin narrow－sense inheritablities．Among characters，spike density has the highest inheritablity（83.05%）,while yiedper plant has the lowest（10.24％）．Heterosis prediction displaied that most the combnatio in two-rowed barley expressed positive heterosis in 1000-grain weight，lengthspike，grains per spike and culm thikness．Besides,correlation analysis between characters are also carried．更多还原