【摘要】 本文以非离子表面活性剂十二烷基酚聚氧乙烯(10)醚(TX-10)/苯乙烯/水组成的三元体系为研究对象,绘制了三元相图,选取液晶区域作为研究对象,配制系列样品,摄制了纹理照片,用小角X光衍射法测定了液晶中各种组分变化时的层间距,并结合~2H NMR谱图和纹理照片的对照以及互为补充的分析,为精确区分液晶结构提供了新的途径.这不仅对于基础理论研究,同时对于日用化工和三次采油都具有一定指导意义.更多还原

【Abstract】 Lyotropic liquid crystals from nonionic surfactant (TX-10), styrene, and water were studied at 30℃ to determine the phase regions and obtain some typical photographs by using microscope with polarized-light. And the geometrical dimensions were determined by low angle X-ray diffractrion. The X-ray data showed that the structure of mesophase disclosed lamellar liquid crystals with Bragg spacing ratio of 1:1 / 2:1/3…. For these lamellar liquid crystals the results indicated a linear increase of the interlayer spacing with addition of water or styrene and pronounced decrease with addition of TX-10 in the system. The 2H NMR methods were specially applied to determine the exact liquid crystals’ structure. It was found that the structure varied from mixed W/O type microemulsions and lamellar liquid crystals to single lamellar liquid crystals to single hexagonal liquid crystals to hexagonal liquid crystals and O / W type microemulsions in the liquid crystal region with the addition of the water. These results were discussed theoretically.更多还原