【摘要】 基于质子反冲方法，建立了一套宽能区、高效率的中子谱仪系统。分别用三支充不同气压氢和甲烷的球形正比计数管和一个有机闪烁探测器分段测量２０ｋｅＶ～１７ＭｅＶ的中子能谱。为了去除γ射线本底，对两种探测器分别采用了两种不同的脉冲形状甄别技术。谱仪直接测量的是中子在探测器中产生的反冲质子脉冲幅度谱，通过解矩阵方程的方法得到中子谱，解谱中所用的各个探测器的中子响应矩阵均由蒙特－卡洛方法计算得到。谱仪在全能区的中子探测效率１０￣（－２）～１０￣（－１），能量分辨为５％～２０％，能谱测量的误差小于±１０％。更多还原

【Abstract】 A system of proton-recoil neutron spectrometers with high detection efficiencies over wide energy range isdescribed. The neutron spectra in the range from 2 0 keV to l 7 MeV were measured in five sections by threespherical proportional counters filled with H₂ or CH₄ gas with different pressure and an organic scintmator detector, respectively. Two techniques of the pulse shape discrimination were employed for two types of detector to eliminate gamma ray backgroun. Measured protonreoil pulse height distributions were unfolded to Obtain neutronenergy spectra by using neutron response matrix calculated by the Monte Carlo cede for each detector; Theneutron detection efficiencies of this system are of 0. 0l～0.l in overall energy region. The energy resolutionsare within 5%～20%and the errors per energy interval are within ±10%。(更多还原