【摘要】 通过分析合阳县２８年降水资料，根据冬小麦生产年度，将降水划分为旱年、一般年、丰水年。在控制和补充底墒水的条件下，用三因素二次通用正交旋转回归设计，研究渭北旱地底墒、肥的关系及对产量的影响。结果表明：（１）底墒、氮、磷对冬小麦的增产顺序是底墒＞磷＞氮；（２）底墒１２０．９ｍｍ时，施肥无增产作用，底墒２０４．９ｍｍ时，施肥增产作用明显。在底墒充足条件下，施肥，特别施磷能充分发挥底墒的增产作用，提高水分利用效率，起到“以肥调水”的作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Rainfall in Heyang County can be classified into the dry year,usual yearand water harvest year through the analysis of rainfall data in 28 years in the county andbased on wheat production years.Under the control and supplementation of base mois-ture,the three-factorial and quadratic orthogonal rotation regression design was used tostudy the relationship of base moisture and fertility inrainfed wheat cropfields and theeffects upon wheat yield increase.The results indicatied:(1)the sequence of wheatyield increase by base moisture,N and P were bose moisture>P>N;(2)in the case ofbase moisture of 120.9mm,fertilization had no effect upon yield increase;and in thecase of base moisture of 204.9mm,fertilization had the remarkable effect upon yield in-crease;in the case of adequate base moisture,fertilization with P2O5 in particular canfully exploit the role of base moisture in yield increase.Raising water use efficiency canplay an important part in″regulation water by fertilization″.更多还原