【摘要】 本文用一氧化氮合酶（ＮＯＳ）的组织化学方法对胎龄１５周至３６周的人胎视网膜含ＮＯＳ神经元的发育进行了研究。胚胎１５周视网膜颞侧半少部分神经元即有ＮＯＳ的表达，２０周视网膜含ＮＯＳ神经元数密度达峰值。大部分含ＮＯＳ神经元胞体位于内核层内带，只少部分位于节细胞层，其突起均分布于内同层，形成内同层的１、３、５亚层。含ＮＯＳ神经元的形态各异，依据其突起的多少分Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ等三种类型，其中Ⅱ、Ⅲ型含ＮＯＳ神经元在２８周以后才开始出现，且愈近晚期胎龄，它们所占含ＮＯＳ神经元的数量比呈上升趋势。随视网膜发育成熟，含ＮＯＳ神经元胞体均面积呈不断增大的变化。本文结果显示：人胎视网膜内核层含ＮＯＳ神经元为无长突细胞，节细胞层的Ⅰ型含ＮＯＳ神经元为移位无长突细胞，推测它们在视网膜的发育过程中对内网层突触的形成与修饰可能起有重要作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 The development of NOS-containing neurons in the retina of 15￣36 week-old fetuseswas studied by NOS histochemistry. At the 15 th week, the NOS-containing cell bodies were’found in the temporal lateral of the retina, by the 20th week, the NOS numerical density wasthe highest. A large part of somata of NOS-positive neurons were located in the inner nucleus layer (INL) , only a small part was located in the ganglion cell layer (GCL), their processes branched in the inner plexiform layer (IPL) and formed sublaminae 1. 3 and 5 of IPL.The NOS-containing neurons were classified as type Ⅰ、Ⅱ and. Ⅲ according to the number oftheir processes. Type Ⅱ and type Ⅲ NOS neurons were not found until 28th week, and withfurther development of the retina, the number of these neurons increased. From 15 to 36week. the size of the somata of NOS neurons increaed gradually. The results indicate thatNOS-positive neurons in the INL are the amacrine cells, Type I NOS neurons in the GCLare also amacrine cells. NOS may play a role in synaptogenesis and modification of IPL during the developement of human fetus.更多还原