【摘要】 利用脱气蒸馏水制成纯净柱状冰（S₂冰）,在单轴压缩实验的韧脆转变区内观察垂直于柱面方向加载时内部微裂纹的开裂与扩展（-5℃）,初步的实验观察表明,大多数裂纹发生在晶界。当加载速率较低时(3.8×10^-5s^-1),试样由微裂纹的增多汇集成与截面法向平行的主裂纹而破坏;当速率较高时(大于7.6×10^-5s^-1),微裂纹为失稳开裂,导致试样脆性破坏。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper, we made pure columnar ice (S2) from deaired ditilled water and observed the cracking and developing of microcracks during the transition of ductile to brittle. At -5℃, the samples were compressed uniaxially with the columns being perpendicular to loading direction. Unlike granular ice, the preliminary observations show that almost all cracks generate along crystal boundaries in columnar ice. At the low strain rates (3.8 × 10-5 s-1) the microcracks aggregate to form a main crack along the loading direction. At the high rates (larger than 7.6 × 10-5 s-1) the cracks are developing unstably and cause brittle failure to the samples soon.更多还原