【摘要】 本文取材于中国农业科学院红壤试验站所布置的生土熟化长期试验。三种不同母质的生土经过５年的熟化后，土壤理化性质发生了很大的变化，不同土壤和处理的作物产量也有较大的差异。土壤有机质、全氮及全磷等养分是不断增加的，受土壤类型、熟化措施及作物秸杆的归还与否等因素的影响。酸性土壤的ｐＨ有下降的趋势。紫色土的ｐＨ值则随着熟化的进行逐步下降，向有利于植物生长的方向发展。酸性土壤的阳离子交换量在熟化过程中是逐步增加的，而紫色土则是逐步减少。在熟化开始时，作物产量主要决定于土壤类型，但５年后，它不仅与土壤类型有关，而且也与熟化措施明显相关。更多还原

【Abstract】 The materials of the experiment were gained from the long-term raw soils anthropogenic mellowing which has been laid by Red Soil Experiment Station of CAAS.Five years later,soil physico-chemical properties of the three raw soils with different matric changed greatly,and the yield of crop showed great difference in different soils and tratments.Soil organic matter,total nitrogen and Phosphorus had been increasing and affected by soil type,mellowing treatment and straws returned or not.pH of acid soils showed the increasing trend,while ph of purple soil showed the decreasing trend in favor of plant growth.With the mellowing process,CEC of acid soils was increased and it was decreased in purple soil.At the beginning of mellowing, crop yield was only affected by soil types, but five years later,it was affected not only by soil types but also by mellowing methods.更多还原