【摘要】 本文系统研究了土壤的某些主要理化性质对铝电极电位的影响。结果表明，土壤水分、土壤松紧度、土壤盐分及土壤ｐＨ对铝电极电位都有明显影响。在土壤饱和水后和饱和水前的一定含水量范围内，电位随含水量的增大变化不明显，但在土壤水饱和点附近的一定含水量范围内，则出现一个很大的电位突降。在同一含水量情况下，电位与土壤容重呈明显的线性反相关。土壤盐分浓度的增高能导致电位的负偏，同时在不同土壤中，盐分的作用也各不相同。可变电荷土壤中盐分的加入对电位的影响比较明显。从土壤ｐＨ的影响可以区分出三个不同的影响范围：酸性区、偏酸和中性区、碱性区。在酸性区和碱性区，铝电极电位随ｐＨ升高而变负，两者呈显著的线性关系；在偏酸和中性区，电位呈现一个平台，ｐＨ的变化不能明显改变铝的电极电位，同时，不同土壤出现电位平台的ｐＨ范围也各不相同。更多还原

【Abstract】 The effects of some physical and chemical properties of soil on the electrodepotential of aluminium in soils were studied.Results demonstrate that the soil pH,soil salts,soil moisture and soil compactness affect the electrode potential of alumi-nium in soils apparently.Three regions can be divided according to the effect ofpH. The electrode potential of aluminium is negatively correlated with the soil pHin acid and alkaline regions.And there is a voItage-plateau under nearneutral pH,ind icating that in this region the effect of the soil pH on the electrode potential ofaluminium can be neglected.Different soils have special pH ranges of voltage-plateau,own to their different cliaraGteriscics.Increasing soil salt content causes a shift ofclectrode potential to negative direction,especially in variable charge soils.Threeregions are also found concerning the influence of soil moisture on the electrodepotential of aluminium, which went down to the negative direction as soil moistureincreased and showed little change after saturation. However,in a narrow range ofmoisture near saturation point of soil,a large voItage-drop appeared.At the samelevel of soil moisture,a negative correlation was observed between the electrode po-tentials and bulk density which is an index of soil compactness.更多还原