【摘要】 用￣（１４）Ｃ－氢醌和￣（１５）Ｎ－尿素为示踪剂，通过棕壤盆栽试验，研究了氢醌在土壤中的分布、存在形态及迁移机制。氢醌的残留量随土壤垂直深度的增加而增多，平均土壤残留量为０．０４１ｍｇ／ｋｇ土。由于土壤理化和生化作用，约有１３％的氢醌分解成ＣＯ＿２和水。残留于土壤的￣（１４）Ｃ，４９％进入土壤高分子有机化合物，不能再被溶剂所提取。实验测定了水稻对氢醌的吸收、分配和代谢。糙米和茎叶中氢醒的含量分别为０．０７ｍｇ／ｋｇ和０．０５ｍｇ／ｋｇ。水稻体内￣（１４）Ｃ－氢醒的９０％以上能破代谢和降解。实验表明，外源氢醌参加了植物的碳代谢，并促进了土壤尿素Ｎ的利用。根据实验结果，计算了长期使用长效尿素后土壤中氢醌残留量极限值是０．０４４ｍｇ／ｋｇ土。该值远小于美国规定的土壤氢醌残留量标准中，保障人体健康所允许的最高临界值０．２０ｍｇ／ｋｇ土，结论是长期使用长效尿素是安全的。更多还原

【Abstract】 ased on pot-experiinents witb￣（14）C-hydroquinone and ￣（15）N-urea, tbe distribution.forms and transfer of hydroquinone（HQ）in a soil-rice system were discussed. Resi-dues of hydroquinone in soil increased with the soil depth, with an averageof 0.041mg/kg.13% of hydroquinone was decomposed as CO₂ and H₂O due to bioc-hemical and physiochemical actions. 49% of the residue-￣（14）C entered into high mole-cular compounds and could not be extracted by solvents,while 45% into low mole-cular compound.Metabolism,distribution and absorption of hydroquinone in ricewere determined.The contents of hydroquinone in brown rice and stem （and leaf）were 0.07mg/kg and 0.05mg/kg respectively. Results of pot-experiment show thatexogenous bydroquinone participated in metabolism of C in rice and promoted theutilization of urea-N in soil.Limiting value of hydroquinone residual in soil afterlong-term application of slow-release urea was calculated to be 0.044 mg/kg, whichwas far lower than the bydroquinone standard 0.20mg/kg soil for human healtli inU.S.A.It could be concluded that long-term application of slowreleasing urea is verysafe.更多还原