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毛乌素沙地景观生态类型与灌丛生物多样性初步研究

PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE LANDSCAPE ECOTYPE CLASSIFICATION IN MAOWUSU SANDLAND AND THE BIODIVERSITY OF ITS SHRUB COMMMITIES

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【作者】 陈仲新谢海生

【Author】 Chen Zhongxin Xie Haisheng(Laboratory of Ecology,Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100044)

【机构】 中国科学院植物研究所生态室

【摘要】 本文利用数量方法对毛乌素沙地景观生态类型进行了自上而下的等级式划分,共划分出10种景观生态类型,并总结了各种景观生态类型的主要性质,对其景观管理措施进行了讨论。还对所划分出的景观生态类型的灌丛的生物多样性进行了分析,其物种丰富度低,而优势度较高,均匀度较低。提出毛乌素沙地草地管理的景观和生物多样性原则。

【Abstract】 hierarchical numerical method based on the two methods of TWINSPAN (Two WayIndicator Species Analysis)and DCA (Detrended Correspondence Analysis)from the CornellEcology Program(CEP)and involving 17 variables from peddogical ones to hydrological,vegetational,geological and geomorphological ones was used to classify the Maowusu sand-lands into the following 10 landscape ecotypes:salinized lowland,wet lowland,sandcoveredlowland,lowland with a thick sandcover,Nitraria lowland,xili,soft ridge,sandcovered ridge,fixed sanddune and drift sanddune. Four biodiversity indices,including species richness index(i.e. ,total number of species in a quadrat),Simpson index,Shannon-Weaner Index andPielou’s index of evenness,were used to test the biodiversity of shrub communities in each ofthe landscape ecotypes. The results show that there were a low species richness,a high domi-nance index,a realtively low Shannon-Weaner index and a relatively low Pielou’s index,Itwas concluded that the management on landscape heterogeneity and the conservation ofbiodiversity,especially,shrubs biodiversity were the key to the management on grassland inMaowusu sandland。

【基金】 国家自然科学基金、中国科学院“八·五”重大项目
  • 【文献出处】 生态学报 ,ACTA ECOLOGICA SINICA , 编辑部邮箱 ,1994年04期
  • 【分类号】P901
  • 【被引频次】97
  • 【下载频次】527
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