【摘要】 本文报道不同栽培措施下水稻田甲烷释放的特性和甲烷产生菌、甲烷氧化菌的数量、种类。结果表明，水稻田的甲烷释放，无论是早稻还是晚稻，成活期每天的释放量较少，随着生长逐渐增加，至分蘖期达到最高，随后又逐渐减少。长期淹水和高量氮肥或有机肥的施用可以明显地增加水稻田的甲烷释放量。产甲烷细菌的数量在干湿灌溉少氮处理的水稻田土壤中要少于其他各处理的土壤，其他各处理间无明显差异，早稻上生长前期较后期低２—３个数量级，晚稻上生长中期土壤中的产甲烷菌数量略高于生长前期和后期。甲烷氧化菌数量在早稻生长期间从１０￣（３－４）个／ｇ干土增加到生长后期的１０￣８个／ｇ干土，在晚稻生长期间维持在１０￣８个／ｇ干土。产甲烷细菌的种类主要为甲烷杆菌属（Ｍｅｔｈａ－ｎｏｂａｃｔｅｒｉｕｍ）和甲烷八叠球菌属（Ｍｅｔｈａｎｏｓａｒｃｉｎａ）的种。甲烷氧化菌主要为杆状、能利用除甲烷外其他基质的兼性异养型甲基营养型细菌。更多还原

【Abstract】 Abstract The effect of different cultivation conditions on there lease of me-thane,the amounts of methanogens and methaneoxidizing bacteria in rice paddysoil was reported. After rice seedlings was transplanted, the amount of methanereleased from rice plant was gradually increased with growth of rice plantand reached the maximum at flourishing tillering stage. After this stage itwas gradually decreased.The amount of methanogens in rice paddy soil waslower 2-3 order during the earlier stages than that during the latter st-ages in earlier rice. However the amount of methanogens was slightly higherduring the middle stage than that during the earlier and latter stages,Thepredominant methanogenic bacteria isolated from rice paddy soil belonged toMethanobacterium and Methanosarcina. The amount of methane-oxidizing ba-cteria was about 10￣(3-4)/g dry soil during the earlier stage and 10￣8/g dry soilduring the latter stage in earlier rice.That was kept at about 10￣8/g dry soilin latter rice. Four strains of methane-oxidizing bacteria were isolated andbelonged to facultative heterotrophic methylotrophs.更多还原