【摘要】 中国煤炭资源在已证实的化石能源资源中约占９５％．因之，煤炭的生产和消费一直占主导地位，１９９３年原煤产量１１．４亿ｔ，在一次能源消费构成中占７６％．预期随国民经济的快速增长和人口的增加，一次能源消费量将逐年递增，至２０００年原煤需求量约１４．６亿．另一方面，煤炭利用效率仅３０％．不但低于日本的５７％，而且低于世界平均水平的４０％．由于煤炭利用技术不够先进，不仅对环境造成影响，更重要的是不利于能源供应与国民经济协调发展．因此，提高煤炭利用效率、合理地利用煤炭和保护环境成为今后能源发展的重要课题．本文阐述了中国能源消费和各部门利用效串的特点，同时讨论了若干行之有效的煤炭高效利用技术，诸如循环流化床燃烧、热电联产和区域供热、大容量发电厂和先进的发电技术、型煤和煤层甲烷气的开发利用．更多还原

【Abstract】 Because of the abundant coal resoures, that the proven reserve of coal accounts for 95%on the total fossil fuel in China. Therefore,coal has been dominating over energy production and consumption for a long time. The output of run-of-mine coal reached 1. 14 billion tons accounting for over 70%in the primary energy production and consumption structure in 1993. It is expected that the primary energy consumption will be increased along with the increasing of national economic and population year by year. And run-of-mine coal will be 1.46 billion tons by the year 2000 On the other hand,the utilization efficiency of coal is only 30%,It is lower than Japan’s57% and world average level 40%. Due to the coal use technologies are not advanced,it caused a serious air pollution and affected coordinate development between mational economic and energy svpplies, Therefore,raising coal use efficiency,rational using coal and protecting environment are very important issues in future.This paper generalizes the energy consumption and utilization efficiency at different,sectors in China. Some of the efficient future technology.such as Circulating Fluidized Bed Combustion,Co-Generation Heat and Power/District Heating, Large Sized Power Plant and Advanced Power Generation,Coal Briquette and Coal Bed Methane Use are discussed.更多还原