【摘要】 通过桐油和苯酚在催化剂存在下的反应，然后再在碱性催化剂存在下与甲醛反应制得一种桐油改性甲阶酚醛树脂，探讨了反应的机理。利用化学分析、元素分析和凝胶渗透色谱分析对第一步反应进行了研究，发现１摩尔桐油大体上可与６摩尔苯酚发生反应，反应过程中同时存在桐油自聚和降解现象，随着初始苯酚／桐油摩尔比的降低，该现象更为明显。利用紫外光谱、红外光谱和￣１ＨＮＭＲ等分析手段对桐油－苯酚反应产物和桐油改性酚醛树脂的结构进行了表征，证明桐油与苯酚反应属于共轭三烯对酚核的烷基化反应，或酚核对共轭三烯的亲核取代反应，酚核取代位置为酚羟基的对位或邻位，酚羟基未参加反应，在改性酚醛树脂骨架上引入了桐油分子链。更多还原

【Abstract】 The resol resin modified with tung oil was prepared successfully by means of reaction of tung oiland phenol in the presence of a catalyst first,and then reaction with formaldehyde in the presence of a basiccatalyst. Mechanisms of the reactions were discussed. The first reaction was studied by chemical analysis,elementary analysis and gel permeation chromatography(GPC ) analysis. Results indicated that 1 mol oftung oil reacted with about 6 moles of phenol,and accompanled with selfpolymetization and decompositionof tung oil during the first reaction. The phenomena were obvious as the initial phenol/tung oil molar ratiodecreased. The structures of tung oil-phenol reaction products and resol resins modified with tung oil werecharacterized with Uv,mand ￣1H NMR. It was confirmed from these results that the reaction betweentung oil and phenol by alkylation via the phenolic nucleus or nucleophilic substitution via the conjugatedtrienes of tung oil,the substitution occurred preferentially at para or ortko position of the pbenol relatlve toits-OH group, phenolic-OH group was not involved at all in the reaction , and that the molecule chains oftung oil were bonded on the backbones of the modified resins.更多还原