【摘要】 利用５×４不完全双列杂交法分析了小麦９个育种亲本及配成２０个组合产量性状的遗传力与配合力，结果表明：①各亲本间的互作效应在多数性状上是显著的，２０个组合间９个性状的差异达显著或极显著水平，同一亲本与不同材料组配，Ｆ１有较大差异。②９个性状的广义遗传力大小顺序为：千粒重＞穗粒重＞单株产量＞株高＞穗粒数＞分蘖数＞穗长＞结实小穗数。狭义遗传力大小顺序为：穗粒重＞穗粒数＞千粒重＞结实小穗数＞单株产量＞小穗数＞株高＞分蘖数＞穗长。在Ｆ１组合中穗粒重、穗粒数和千粒重加性效应大于非加性效应，而结实小穗数非加性效应大于加性效应。③兴９０１、贵农４０白、ＱＲ３３份亲本一般配合力较好，是余交育种的理想亲本。组配的２６个组合中，单株产量特殊配合力好的组合有４个，千粒重特殊配合力好的组合有３个，穗粒重特殊配合力好的组合有２个，穗粒数特殊配合力好的组合有３个，分蘖数特殊配合力好的组合有３个，穗长特殊配合力好的组合有３个，株高特殊配合力好的组合有３个。更多还原

【Abstract】 A5×4 lncomplete diallel cross Wcre used to evaluate yield character heritability and combining ability for 9 wheat parcnts and their 20 combinations.The results showed;(1)Sig-nificent mutual effect between Parents existed in most yield charaeters.The difference of yield character in 20 combinations reached 0.01 or 0.05 significant level.From the same parent crossing with different mateials,F1 showed large difference.(2)General heritability in ninecharacters followed as:1000 kernel weight(HKW)> kernel weight per spike(KWS)> grain yield per plant(GYP)> Plant height(PH )> kernel number per spike(KNS)>tiller number per plant(TNP)> spike length(SL)> seeding spikelet number(SSN).Special heritability followed as:KWS> KNS> HKW> SSN> GYP> sN(spikelet number) > PH> TNP> SL.In F1 combinations additive effect for KWS,KNS and HKW were larger than non-additive effect,while non-addtive effect for SSN larger than additive effec(3)With high general combining ability (G.C.A),three parents“Xing 901”,“Guinong 40(white)”and “QR 3”should be excellent parents.Of 20 combinations,there were 4 combinations with high special combining ability (S.C.A) for GYP,3 for HKW,2 for KWS,3 for KNS,3 for TNP,3 for SL and 3 for PH.更多还原