【摘要】 本文根据宫廷档案资料“雨雪分寸”中合肥地区的降雪日数的记载，通过寻找其与年冬季平均温度的相关关系，重建了合肥地区从１７３６－１９９１年共２５６年的年冬季平均气温序列。分析表明，合肥地区的年冬季平均气温１８世纪较高，１９世纪下降，２０世纪又开始上升，至２０世纪４０年代达近２５０多年来气温最高值。另外，还发现了在１９世纪中叶（１８５１－１８７１年）有一个明显的温暖期。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper, we used a new and important historical document, which kept in the National First Historical Archive at the Palace Museum. This is a very systematic and rich climatic proxy document, which mainly records the depth of rainfall-penetration and snowfall. the beginning date and ending date of every rainfall or snowfall process in various areas. We find a good correlationship between annual winter mean temperature (T) and snowfall-days (D) in the Hefei area at the measurmental period, and the regression equation is:T=5. 06-0. 173D.According to the equation just mentioned above, an annual winter mean temperature series was reconstructed based on the snowfall-days during the period from 1736 A. D. to 1911 A.D..Since 1911 A. D. the annual winter mean temperature series in Hefei was supplemented by that in Nanjing and the measurmental value in Hefei. Therefore. a complete annual winter mean temperature series for Hefei region was reconstructed from 1736 A. D. to 1991 A. D..By adopting F statistical test, the reconstructed series of annual winter mean temperature is reliable and consistent. Further analysis indicates that there are three warm periods and two cold periods during the last 250 years in the Hefei area by using optimum division method. The warm periods are 1736-1790 A. D. 1851-1871 A. D. and 1907-1991 A. D. . and the coldperiods are.1791-1850 A. D.. and 1872-1906 A. D. . Comparson of temperature changes in different area in China shows that warm period is in 18th and 20th century. and 19th centuryis a cold period. The cold period of 19th century is the last cold period of modern little ice age.In addition. by analysing the temperature changes in the last 250 years in the Hefei area. the middle of 19th century (nearly 1851-1871 A. D.) is a very obvious warm period, and it can not be found in most areas in China.更多还原