【摘要】 目前，基因转移的方法已发展到很多作物上，但大多都不是很有效的，并且对于育种家来说又太复杂。本项实验的目的是研究能否通过将外源ＤＮＡ注入幼荚的方法来转化大豆。实验中，利用一个玉米自交系和一个栽培大豆品种作为供体，另一个栽培大豆品种作为受体。两个组合的突变率分别为１０．００％和５．３２％。后代在很多农艺性状方面产生了可遗传的变异，例如：熟期、种子蛋白质含量、株高、结荚习性、茎粗、倒伏性、每株分枝数、每株荚数、每株粒数和百粒重。外源ＤＮＡ可以通过维管系统或胞间连丝系统进入分裂时期的细胞，或通过核膜通道进入细胞核，然后聚集到基因并在受体上得到表达。该项技术简单、有效、育种家容易掌握。利用该技术可创造新的种质，实现不同作物种间、属间、种间基因交换。更多还原

【Abstract】 Abstract s:Recently many gene transfer methods have been developed for many crops,but most are notvery effective and sophisticated for breeders.In this experiment,our objective is to study whether exogenous DNA can transform soybeans or not by injecting exogenous DNA into young11llspopeWSSr～OnApeils,1994soybean pods.One maize inbred line and one soybean cultivar were used as DNA donor parents,one soybean cultivar was used as recipient parent in the study.Mutation rates are 10.00% and5.32% in two combinations respetively.There exist heritable variations in many agronomiccharacters,such as maturity,seed protsin content, plant height,stem termination,stem diameter,lodging,number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plantand 100-seed weight.Exogenous DNA may be transported through vascular system or plasmode plasmodesa system to the cells in diction stage, and enter the nuclei through openings on nucleus membrane,then integrated to the genome and expressed in the recipient.This technique is simple,ef fective and easy for.breeders.It can be used to create new germplasms and realize gene exchangement of different species,genera,and families.更多还原