【摘要】 本文研究了以NaCl、Mg（NO₃）₂、混合稀土、镧钐稀土等活化剂在酸化工艺过程中对蒙脱石比表面和脱色力的影响。研究结果表明,酸化蒙脱土的比表面和脱色力与原蒙脱石的品位、酸种类和浓度、活化剂各类以及用量有关。在蒙脱石品位和酸化比都较高的条件下,NaCl的活化添加剂效果显著。在酸化过程中,随着铝骨架的破坏,比表面、空隙和吸附活性中心都同时增大。因电荷平衡,引起Na⁺沉积在晶层底面,从而大大增加了比表面的稳定性。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper,the influences of active agents,such as NaCl,Mg（NO₃）₂,mixed rare earth, Lanthanum and Samarium oxides mixture etc. are studied in details on the specific surface and decolorizing capacity of montmorillonite in acidified process. The results show that the specific surface and decolorizing capacity of acidified montmorillonite depend on original montmorillonite quality, kind of acid and its concentrations, and varieties of active agents and their added quantities. When the general Ca—bentonite which contains 50—60% montmorillonite was processed with sulfuric acid and 7 — 8% NaCl, its specific surface value was more than 180m²/g. If processed with 3N HCl and NaCl or mixed rare earth, the specific surface value reached to 166—175m²/g only,but the decolorizing capacity was enhanced. And if using Mg （NO₃）₂ or Lantharum/Samarium oxides mixture as active agent, the specific surface of acidified bentonite was lower. This study has also demonstrated that high quality Ca —bentonite has to be used and acidified with 18 — 20% H₂SO₄ and 2% NaCl in order to obtain the acidified bentonite contaiing more than 300m²/g specific surface and more than 300 decolorizing capacity. When the bentonite contains high montmorillonite and the acidified ratios is high, the effect of NaCl as active agent is much obvious. In acidifying process, the specific surface, holes and absorption centre will be increased in proportion to the downbreak of Al— matrix. The charge equilibrium brings up to Na⁺ deposition on the bottom of crystal layer. This Na⁺ deposition increases the stability of specific surface greatly.更多还原