【摘要】 在25.00±0.01℃下用紫外、可见分光光度法分别测定了氯苯（CB）、m-二氯苯（mDCB）、p-二氯苯（pDCB）、1,2,4-三氯苯（TCB）在NaCl、KCl、Na₂CO₃、K₂SO₄、CaCl₂盐水溶液及氯苯在Et₄NBr 水溶液中的话度系数,得出盐效应常数.除Et₄NBr 对氯苯呈盐溶作用,其余均为盐析作用.盐析次序大致为K₂SO₄>Na₂CO₃>CaCl₂>NaCl>KCl.计算了盐效应常数的各种理论值,与实验值进行比较,进一步证实了改进后的内压力理论值更接近实际.同时也讨论了这些数据在环保中的应用.更多还原

【Abstract】 The activity coefficients of chlorobenzene,m-,p-dichlorobenzene and 1,2,4-tri-chlorobenzene in NaCl,KCl,Na₂CO₃,K₂SO₄ and CaCl₂ aqueous salt solutions,andchlorobenzcne in Et₄NBr have been determined at 298.15K by spectrophotometry.The chlorobenzene in Et₄NBr aqueous salt solution is salting-in,while others aresalting-out.The experimentsl salting-out orders are as follows:K₂SO₄>Na₂Co₃>CaCl₂>NaCl>KCl.These results are compared with the calculated results of Debye-McAulay and Conway-Desnoyers-Smith electrostatic theories;Masterton-Lee scaledparticle theory.MeDevit-Long internal pressure theory and modified internal pressuretheory.It is verified that the modified internal pressure theory coincides with theexperimental value better.更多还原