【摘要】 通过测定煤的着火点研究了不同催化剂对大同烟煤和晋城无烟煤的催化着火的影响。结果表明,催化剂化学组成是决定催化作用大小的一个重要的因素,具有同一碱金属离子,不同阴离子的催化剂酸性越强,催化作用越弱,其催化活性顺序为OH^->CO₃^2->Cl^->SO₄^2-;具有同一阴离子,不同碱金属或碱土金属阳离子的催化作用可用“电子转移学说”来解释,其催化作用的大小,随相应的碱金属,碱土金属的第一电离能的减少而增加。更多还原

【Abstract】 The effects of different catalysts on the ignition of Datong bituminous coal and Jincheng anthracite have been investigated by determining the ignition temperature of these coal. The chemical composition of the catalyst is a determining factor. Activity of catalysts with the same alkali cation but different anions decseases in the order of OH>CO₃²>CI^-> SO₄²-; for example, KOH shows a decrease of 94℃ while K₂SO₄ causes a decrease of 44℃ in ignition temperature. Catalysts with the same anion and different alkali or alkaline earth metal cations decrease activity in the order of Cs⁺>K⁺>Na⁺>Ca²⁺. This can be explained by the "electron transfer hypothesis." Higher catalytic effect results from lower first ionisation energy of the metals. For example, Cu₂SO₄ causes a marked decrease of 92℃ in ignition temperature in comparison with a decrease of 23℃ caused by Na₂SO₄.更多还原