【摘要】 到目前为止,已回收和鉴定出12个来自月球的月球陨石,其中11个是在南极地区的蓝色冰区上回收的,另一个是在澳大利亚发现的。月球陨石岩石学、化学组成、同位素年代学以及稀有气体等的研究结果表明,月球陨石属无球粒陨石,按其岩石类型可划分为斜长岩质月球陨石、玄武岩质月球陨石和玄武岩—斜长岩质月球陨石,它们分别对应于月球高地岩石、月海玄武岩及月海—高地混合岩石。虽然月球陨石的岩石学特征及主要元素丰度与阿波罗号和月球号飞船从月球上采回的月球高地岩石或月海玄武岩相似,但斜长岩质月球陨石的不相容元素和稀土元素的丰度显著偏低,即贫K,REE及P(KREEP组分),藉此可以认为这些月球陨石不是来目阿波罗号和月球号飞船在月球正面的采样区,很可能是来自月球边缘或月球背面,其源区为贫KREEP或无KREEP的高地岩石。同玄武岩质月球陨石相比,斜长岩质月球陨石具有富难熔亲铁元素的特征,并且它们之间的比值接近球粒陨石,表明来自球粒陨石组分的贡献。此外,属玄武岩—斜长岩质混合岩的Calcalong Creek陨石特别富集KREEP组分。月球陨石是来自月球表面的随机样儡,对进一步了解月壳化学组成的横向变化和平均化学成分以及初始的月壳分异作用具有重要的理论意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Up to date, 12 lunar meteorites from the Moon have been collected and identified. A-mong the 12 lunar meteorites, 11 of them were discovered in Antarctic blue ice field,and the other one was found in a desert in Australia. Studies on petrology,mineralogy, chemical composition, isotopic chronology and noble gases indicate that all of the lunar meteorites are achondritic and were classified into anothositic lunar meteorites,basaltic lunar meteorites and basaltic—anorthositic lunar meteorites. These three kinds of lunar meteorites are identical to lunar highland anorthosite,mare basalt and their mixture, respectively. In spite of similarities on petrography and composition of major elements between the anorthositic lunar meteorite and the lunar highland anorthosite returned by Apollo and Luna spacecrafts from surface of the Moon,contents of incompatible and rare earth elements are far lower in the former than the later, i. e. the anorthositic lunar meteorite is K—, REE— and P—poor (KREEP—poor). Hence,it was suggested that the lunar meteorites origined not nearby the Apollo or Luna sampling areas. Probably, they come from farside or back of the Moon, representative of a KREEP—poor highland region. Compared with the basaltic lunar meteorites, the anorthositic lunar meteorites are rich in refractory siderophile elements with a chondritie ratio, indicating contribution of chondrites. In.addition, Calcalong Creek, a basaltic—anorthositic lunar meteorite,is featured by rather high enrichment of KREEP—component. Significance of study on the lunar meteorites is clear since these samples derived randomly from the lunar surface and provide more informations on chemical and isotopic compositions, petrographic and mineralogica更多还原