【摘要】 本文以直链淀粉含量（简称 AC）不同的5份黑稻品种为材料配制杂交和回交组合,用单粒法测定了亲本及正反交 F₁,F₂,B₁,B₂种子的 AC,以研究其遗传效应。结果表明:（1）控制 AC 合成的 Wx 基因在遗传上具有剂量效应,第一剂量对提高 AC 的作用最大,第二剂量的作用次之,第三剂量的作用较小。（2）糯与非糯亲本的杂交后代 F₂种子胚乳的 AC 呈明显的4峰分布,并符合1:1:1:1的分离比例,分别对应0,1,2,3个 Wx 基因剂量。（3）AC 受三倍体核基因控制,不存在细胞质影响,其遗传符合加性显性模型。（4）为改进黑稻的 AC,在杂交育种中应使一个亲本具有理想的 AC,但在杂优利用中父母本最好都有理想的 AC。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to investigate the genetic effefct of amylose content （AC） in endosperm,crosses were made between 5 black rice varieties with different AC,and in each of crosses including P₁,P₂,F₁,F₂,B₁,B₂ and the reciprocal F′₁,F′₂,B′₁ B′₂ generation.AC was analysed with the single grain measurement method.The results were as follows.（1）Dominating the AC in endosperm as triploid character,Wx gene showed dosage effect,the effect of the first dose to raise AC was much larger than that of the third,（2）The AC in endosperm of crones F₁ between waxy and nonwaxy parents obviously showed the distribution of four wave values,adopted for segregation proportion 1:1:1:1 and reflected the dose of the Wx gene 0,1,2,3.（3）AC was a trait under triploid genetic control and no cytoplasm effect was found.In general,the inheritance of AC could be described by an additive-dominance model.（4）For the genetic improvement in breeding, one parent should have desirable AC in each of crosses;however,both maternal and paternal parents are better to have desirable AC in order to utilize heterosis.更多还原