【摘要】 比较了3类温室生态系统(玻璃钢温室、北京标准温室和塑料大棚)的结构特征、生态效率和经济效益。玻璃钢温室所消耗的人工辅助能是标准温室的7.3倍、塑料大棚的264.7倍。造成差异的主要原因是由于对燃料(煤、电)的能耗,其次是由于机械能的能耗。玻璃钢温室的维持费用(维修费及投能消耗)分别是另两类温室的2和3倍;基本建设投资则达40～50倍之多。然而,单位面积经济能的产出则是后两类的1倍多,产值分别是后两类的3.7和4.8倍;利润则分别是6.9和7.8倍。从长远发展看,随着经济技术条件的完备,玻璃钢温室应是主要发展方向。这种现代化的、技术集约型的生产方式也为其他先进技术(如无土栽培、病虫害综合管理、机械化、自动化设备)的应用提供条件。更多还原

【Abstract】 The structural characteristics, ecological efficiencies and economic profits were analyzed for three types of greenhouse ecosystems. When the large greenhouses were compared to the Beijing standard greenhouses and the plastic tunnels, artificial as- sistant energy supply is 7.3 and 264.7 times as much as the other two, accordingly. This is mainly due to the difference on the costs on fuel(coal and electricity) energy consumption, while the energy costs on mechanics is also a factor. The maintenance fee is about 3 to 3 times as the other two, and the structural investment is 40 to 50 times as much. However, the economic income is 3.7 and 4.8 times, while the net profit is 6.9 and 7.8 times when compared to the other two types of greenhouses. Though at present, the plastic tunnels occupy a much larger percent of the three types of green- houses, however, with the achievements of economic and technical conditions, the large greenhouses will play a more important role in the future.更多还原