【摘要】 本文根据我们严密设计的小集水区径流场连续6年的水文测定数据,进行了杉木人工林水量平衡和蒸散的研究。结果表明:集水区年平均降雨量1065.5 mm,在林冠作用面降雨量的分配中,林冠截留雨量264.6ram,截留率24.8%;穿透过林冠层的雨量799.82mm,树干径流量1.08mm,分别占降雨量的75.1%和0.1%。林内降水到达林地时,在枯枝落叶层这个作用面上净降水进行再分配,其中,地表径流量9.27mm,地下径流量203.00mm,总径流系数0.199。土壤蓄水量月变化较大,但年变化很小,占降雨量的1.2%。系统水量最大的输出是蒸散,每年以气态形式返回大气的水量868.03mm,占降雨量81.3%。在蒸散的水量中,林冠截留雨量的直接物理蒸发量为264.6mm,占总蒸散量的31.6%。更多还原

【Abstract】 On the basis of the data collected from observation in six consecutive years water balance and evapotranspiration were studied.The results indicate that precipitation is 1065.5ram/year in the small watershed;that the crown-interce- ption is 264.6ram/year,i.e.24.8% of the total precipitation;that precipita- tion through crown is 799.82mm/year,i.e.75.1% of the precipitation;that water stemflow is 1.08ram/year,about 0.1% of the precipitation;that water output in the form of runoff is 212.27mm/year of which the ground water is 203.00ram/year and surface runoff is only 9.27ram/year,thus total runoff coe- fficient is 0.199.On consecutive measurements of 6 years.The monthly chan- ge of soil moisture is great,but the change between years is only ±12.80, which is 1.2% of precipitation in the output of water from the ecosystem,eva- potranspiration is greatest(866.03ram/year),which is 81.3% of precipitation. Of this amount,the evaporation crown-intercept is 264.6ram/year,about 31.6% of total evapotranspiration.更多还原