【摘要】 搜集了西方蜜蜂(Apis mellifera L.)的8个品系的蜂王作育种素材,选用了其中的4个素材作系祖,通过人工授精的方法,采用母子回交等多种近交系统,建立并保持了4个高纯度的近交系。按蜂王是单交种、工蜂是三交种(或回交种)这一蜂群血统构成形式进行系间杂交和筛选,育出“华蜂213”和“华蜂414” 两个高产杂交种。与本地意蜂相比,“华蜂213”和“华蜂414”的蜂蜜平均单产分别提高70%左右和10%以上,王浆平均单产分別提高20%左右和60%以上。更多还原

【Abstract】 Western bees (Apis mellifera L.), especially Italian bee, are the main bee races used in apiculturai production in China. In order to raise the honey and royal jelly yield per bee colony, the research work for breeding and selection of high-production bee hybrids have been done for the last five years. Queens were gathered and kept from 8 strains of western bees as breeding material, and 4 strains as the line-ancestries were chosen out of the 8 strains. A, B, C and H inbreeding lines of western bees were made and maintained by using instrumental insemination through inbreeding mating systems (mother-son back cross, brother-sister cross, etc.), and the coefficient of inbreeding were 0.9045, 0.9355, 0.9296 and 0.5421 respectively. Crossing among lines have been done in accordance with the certain blood relationship structure of bee colony, in which the queen was single-cross-hybrid and the worker bees were three-way-cross-hybrids (or back-cross-hybrids). 9 three-way-cross-combinations have been made, and tested and judged on their egg-laying, brood-rearing ability, honey and royal jelly production. 2 high-production hybrids of western bees-HF213 and HF414-have been selected. The per colony honey and royal jelly production of HF213 are about 70% and 20%higher than those of Chinese italian bees respectively; for HF414 they are higher by above 10% and 60% respectively. Kept in the lower-middle valley of yengtze River and North China. HF213 and HF414 have displayed obviously superier productivity.更多还原