【摘要】 本工作测定了有效离子强度I_=0.5277mol/L和25℃下碳酸在若干人工海水介质中的表现离解常数,计算了碳酸根和碳酸氢根与钾、钠、镁、钙的缔合常数,讨论了包括氯离子缔合和未考虑氯离子缔合的海水化学模型,还通过试验证实了钾与碳酸根、碳酸氢根的缔合是不可忽视的,其缔合常数与钠的缔合常数相近,从而扩展了Pytkowic和Hawley(1974)的碳酸根-碳酸氢根离子对的海水化学模型。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper determines the apparent dissociation constants of carbonic acid in several artificial media of 0. 527 7mol/L effective ionic strength at 25℃ by the potentiometric titration,and calculates the apparent association constants of carbonate and bicarbinate with Na⁺ , K⁺ , Mg²⁺ and Ca²⁺. The paper proposes a chemical model of seawater including ion-pairs of Cl^- with Na⁺ ,K⁺ ,Mg²⁺ and Ca²⁺, and caculates the species of the major ions in the artificial seawater of 34. 8 in salinity and in the standard seawater of 34. 456 in salinity by the apparent association constants obtained and the earlier related association data to ion-pairs. A model of seawater with or without considering the association of Cl^-is disscussed. The test result verifies that the association of potassium with bicarbonate should not be ignored and the association constant of potassium with bicarbonate is closed to that of sodium with bicarbonate. Therefore.the model of seawater in the paper extends the chemical model of seawater of carbonate ion-pairs by Pytkowicz and Hawley in 1974.更多还原