【摘要】 本文通过不同水型水稻土水稻施钾效果的研究,结果表明,潜育型水稻土>潴育型水稻土>淹育型水稻土。水稻施钾能增强根系氧化力,提高土壤氧化还原电位的百分比和降低土壤还原物质含量,以及增加土壤好气性细菌和降低反硝化细菌的百分比等作用,均为潜育型水稻土>潴育型水稻土>淹育型水稻土;水稻生长季节的水、土温度,土壤供钾能力和水稻吸收土壤钾素的量为淹育型水稻土>潴育型水稻土>潜育型水稻土。而水稻吸收肥料钾占总吸钾量的比,则为潜育型水稻土>潴育型水稻土>淹育型水稻土。并找出了淹育型水稻土、潴育型水稻土和潜育型水稻土水稻施钾有效的土壤速效钾含量临界值,分别为54、82和141mg kg^-1。本文还提出了不同水型水稻土在不同土壤速效钾水平下,水稻最高产量和最经济产量的施钾量,以及钾肥的适宜施用期,为合理施用钾肥提供了科学依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper discusses the result os research on the efficiency and technique of potassium fertilization in paddy soils with different water conditions and show that the potassium efficiency on these soils was in the order of gleyed paddy soil （GLP）>periodically waterlogged paddy soil （PWLP）>submergic paddy soil（SMP）. The role of potassium fertilization in increasing soil redox potential percentage, decreasing soil reducing substance content, increasing the percentage of soil aerobic bacteria and decreasing the percentage of soil denitrifying bacterium and the ratio of potassium uptaken by rice from fertilizer to the total potassium uptaken were GLP>PWLP>SMP as well. Otherwise, the soil and water temperature in rice growing season, soil potassium supplying ability and the amount of potassiun uptaken by rice from soil was SMP>PWLP>GLP.The present paper also show that the soil available K critical values of efficient application of potassium were 54, 82 and 141 mg kg^-1, respectively, SMP, PWLP, and GLP. The research also indicated the potassium fertilization rates for maximum rice yield and optimal economic rice yield and the optimum timing of potassium fertilization on rice soils with different water conditions and different available K levels. It provided the scientific basis for rational fertilization of potassium.更多还原