【摘要】 本文对88例矽肺病人和37名接尘工人进行了肺功能和动脉血气分析,结果表明各期矽肺的VC、FVC、FEV₁、MMF、FEV₁/FVC均值低于接尘组,而异常检出率则高于接尘组,通气功能的下降呈进行性,但早期不很明显,与接尘组无显著差异。各期矽肺组V₅₀及V₂₅均有明显降低,显示早期即有小气道的广泛损害。矽肺的通气功能损害类型,Ⅰ期矽肺组以阻塞型多见,Ⅱ、Ⅲ期矽肺组以混合型为主。RV和RV/TLC在Ⅲ期矽肺组有明显增高,表明矽肺晚期多并发肺气肿。另外DL_CD和K_CD在各矽肺组均低于接尘组,差异有显著性,说明矽肺早期即可有弥散功能的损害。血气分析表明PaO₂及SatO₂降低主要见于Ⅱ、Ⅲ期矽肺。Ⅲ期矽肺组有1/3患者（33.33％）在有低氧血症的同时合并有高碳酸血症。对比肺功能和血气分析结果,认为通气功能指标FEV₁、FEV₁/FVC、VC、FVC、MMF以及弥散功能指标DL_CO和K_CO为早期反映矽肺呼吸功能的灵敏指标。血气分析对病情和预后的判断有重要参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 The pulmonary function and alterial blo-od gas analysis of 77 silicotic patients and 33workers exposed to silicotic dust （control gro-up） were measured. The results showed thatthe mean values of VC, FVC,FEV₁, MMF,FEV₁/FVC in silicotic patients group werelower than those in control group. The vent-ilatory function in silicotic patients group wasdecreased progressively, but it was not obvi-ous in early stage. V₅₀ and V₂₅ were great-ly decreased in all category of silicotic patients. The dominant impairment in silicoticpatients of category I was of obstructive patt-ern, but the mixed pattern was found mostlyin silicotic patients of category Ⅲ. RV and RV/TLC were significantly incr-eased in silicotic patients of category Ⅲ. DL_coand K_co in silicotic patients group were lowerthan those of control group. The arterial blo-od gas analysis showed that the decrease ofPaO₂ and SatO₂ mostly found in silicotic pa-tients of category Ⅱ,Ⅲ One-Third of patientsin category Ⅲ had both hypoxemia and hyp-ercapnia. In conclution we conridec thatFEV₁, FEV₁/FVC, VC, FVC, MMF, DL_co K_coare sensitive indices which could demonstrateearly changes of lung function in silicotic pa-tients, the arterial blood gas analysis haveimportant referential value for disease statusand prognosis of silicotic patients.更多还原