【摘要】 火箭发动机排气羽流的影响是研制火箭运载器的一个关键问题。本文综述了羽流对航天飞机和火箭底部流动、底部加热的影响。重点综述了冷气试验方法,并指出了冷气模拟试验的相似准则的参数组合关系式。冷气试验费用不大,试验周期短,是确定底部压力的最佳方法,试验重点在跨声速和低超声速飞行区域。本文对热气试验方法也作了介绍。热气试验可模拟羽流的真实热力学特性,但耗费大,技术复杂。火箭发动机羽流模拟应由风洞试验来确定。本文简述了进行羽流模拟试验的地面试验设备。更多还原

【Abstract】 The plume effects of rocket engines is the crux of deve-loping a launch vehicle.This paper reviews the effects of exhaustplume on the base flow and base heating of space shuttles and rockets.The review is focused on the test method of cold gases,and indicatesthe similarity criterion of cold gas simulation.Cold gas testing can beconducted with minimun cost and simplicity,and is the optimun methodof determining the base pressure,The tests are frequently concentratedon transonic and low supersonic flight regimes where base drag is amaximun.The method of hot gases is also introduced here.Hot gas testingcan simulate the real thermodynamic properties of engine plumes,butis complex and costly. Rocket plume simulation is determined by windtunnel tests.A brief review of ground test facilities for plume simula-ion is presented.更多还原